Internet of Things (IoT)

The Internet of Things (IoT) is one of the most important branches of Engineering education. Many Industries are reaping the benefits of IoT. It is needed wherever efficiency and convenience are needed. IoT is being implemented in the areas of Smart City, Smart Environment, Security, Smart Agriculture, Home Automation. The list is growing day by day. The new sector, therefore, has a lot of potential for Development and Employment.

Many IoT devices are already in use. Fitness trackers that send data to Smartphones, Sensors that measure Air pollution, Cars that run with the help of an app are some examples. The number of current IoT devices is not a calculation compared to future devices. We cannot escape the Technological revolution. Connectivity brings many benefits that cannot be overlooked. Sooner or later, IoT is going to be an Integral part of day- to- day life.

What is IoT?

✦ The Internet of Things (IoT) refers to a Network Interfacing and Communication of Physical objects, devices, and other devices. IoT is a system developed with information that completes the desired task without any co- ordination error between Physical objects and other devices belonging to many categories.

✦ IoT is based on Data collection. Heart rate, Temperature, and Rainfall are some examples of data. Data optimization occurs when this data is analyzed and communicated.

✦ IoT enables machines and screws to independently 'speak' and implement appropriate, adaptive Decision making and Implementation without the involvement of humans. Industries use IoT to optimize efficient Management and Production processes. This allows the Manufacturing process to be efficiently monitored without Human effort, Properly executed, and will withstand many adverse conditions.

✦ Careers in this field

Career opportunities:

Developers:

✦ IoT developers develop applications that allow devices to work. They use standard APIs and Programming languages ​​such as Java and C++ in their work. Strong programming‌ skills are a must for this job.

Responsibilities: They oversee the development and creation of software that manages and controls specific IoT applications. Other functions include the use of Algorithms to analyze data, the use of Software tools to manage large amounts of Data, and the Pre-filtering of unnecessary data to prevent systems from being overloaded. The role of software developers in this field is projected to grow by almost 21 percent by 2028.

Embedded Systems‌ Designer‌:

✦ Embedded systems in IoT- connected devices include Sensors, Micro- processors, and software that help make the system work. These are needed to facilitate communication through IoT networks.

Responsibilities: The Designers of embedded systems are responsible for the development of the software (referred to as firmware). Understanding Embedded systems, Computer architecture, Hardware security, and Software (such as C, C++) will be helpful along this career path.

Architect‌:

✦ IoT Architects provide a comprehensive overview of the company's strategy. This role requires Ph.D. or field experience.

Responsibilities: Architects are responsible for developing strategies for building IoT Platforms, Sensors, and Actuators, which connective technologies should be used/ developed, and how best to meet client needs. These roles are commonly found in large IoT development companies. In addition to the Engineering degree in IoT, Interpersonal, Communication, and Management skills are important for this career.

Solutions‌ Engineer‌:

✦ IoT networks can be easily customized to meet different contextual needs. These Engineers have a Fundamental responsibility to help Businesses and Customers find the right solutions to the problems associated with their Businesses.

Responsibilities: IoT Solutions‌ Engineers must work closely with customers to identify their needs. Determining what Sensors, Wireless technology, and other components work best for them at the time (hands- on approach), or suggesting the use of Spare parts, Devices, and Programs (off- the- shelf components) available on the market. Capacity to work with developers to create a customized system if needed. IoT Solutions Engineer should be able to clearly explain various IoT features to clients. They require strong familiarity with applications, devices, servers, and cybersecurity. A Master's Degree in Cyber- physical systems can provide the training needed to thrive in this role.

✦ All of these job opportunities are an addition to the scope available to those who have done CSE. When it comes to Higher studies, many Universities offer Engineering education at the Postgraduate and Research level. Experts predict that in the future man will have atleast 65 different Connections, thus generating more data than expected, all of which will be Internet- based services. That's why the IoT sector is known to be home to scales.

The Four foundations of IoT are:

Those in the IoT sector need Expertise in specific areas. A strong foundation for a career is possible if one understands the four techniques mentioned here.

1. Embedded Software Development:

IoT devices work with a combination of Software and Hardware. That is why most embedded processors are required. These processors include the sensors, the equipment needed for the Actuators to work properly, and the software needed to facilitate communication between the firmware. Languages such as C, C++ still need raspberry skills to develop skills.

2. Networking‌:

Most IoT devices use wireless networking systems to communicate with other devices, including applications and services in the cloud. Essential functions of IoT professionals in the Design and Management of these networks. IoT networks can be complicated due to a large number of connected devices. Each Network Design decision depends on the various Standards, Protocols, and Technologies available to support them. Therefore, be aware of the different criteria.

3. Data, AI:

Artificial Intelligence (AI) technology is everywhere in the world, making its presence felt. It is also making its mark in IoT. It has become a staple for all types of devices, old and new alike. Artificial Intelligence helps to make the necessary, responsive decisions for data in the IoT network, to identify patterns, and to filter inconsistent data. Developers with a strong foundation in AI analysis, Programming, and IoT can find better solutions through the Integration of the two.

4. Software skills:

As with all software- based jobs, Coding and programming skills are important. Proficiency in Java, C++, and other basic coding languages ​​will help to make a career out of IoT.

Types of Courses:

✦ Bachelor (B.Tech, BCA, B.Sc, BE), Master’s(M.Tech, ME, MCA, M.Sc) and Doctorate degrees(M.Phil).

Specializations:

✦ Software Architecture and Industrial Automation are specializations of Diploma or Pg diploma courses. Along with Internet of Things (IoT) you can choose extra skills like Raspberry Pi, ESP32, MQTT and Arduino.

Eligibility Criteria:

✦ Students who have completed their 10th or 12th from any stream can pursue a Certificate, Diploma, Degree and MS in IoT also. Admissions are done on Merit basis.

For Certificate:

She/ he required to Pass in 12th with any stream from a recognized University/ board. On merit basis this course is offered. Available both offline and online. This course duration is 6 months.

Courses:

✦ Certificate in IoT

✦ Certificate Program on Internet of Things (IoT) using Sensors and Cloud Computing

✦ Certificate Course on Internet of Things (IoT) and Applications

For Diploma & PG Diploma:

For pursue Diploma, She/ he required to Pass in 12th with any stream and complete Bachelor’s degree for Pg diploma from a recognized University/ board. This course duration is 1-2 years.

Courses:

✦ Diploma in IoT

✦ Diploma in Software Architecture for the Internet of Things - Information Technology

✦ Post Graduate Programme in Internet on Things,

✦ Advanced Diploma in Industrial Automation and Internet of Things.

 For Degree:

For pursue Bachelor’s in IoT, She/ he required to Pass in 12th with any stream from a recognized University/ board. This course duration is 3- 4 years.

Courses:

✦ BE CSE with IoT

✦ B.Tech

✦ B.Tech Instrumentation Engineering with IoT

✦ B.Tech CSE with Specialization of IoT

✦ B.Voc. Cyber Security

✦ BCA Internet of Things

For Master’s degree:

For pursuing Master’s in IoT, A Candidate should be passed in Bachelor’s degree from a recognized university/ board. and appear for Entrance test- GATE. This course duration is 2 years.

Courses:

✦ M.Sc Computer Science

✦ M.Sc IoT

✦ MCA,

✦ M.Tech IoT and Sensor Systems

✦ ME Internet of Things.

For Doctorate:

For pursue Doctorate in IoT, A Candidate must possess Master’s degree or relevant work experience is preferred. and also appear Entrance Test- UGC, NET, GATE & CSIR UGC NET. This course duration is 3- 5 years.

Courses:

✦ Doctorate in IoT

✦ M.Phil Computer Science

Top Institutions/ Colleges with Fee module:

Skills Required:

❖ Excellent Communication skills

❖ Expertise in Machine Learning and AI

❖ Teamwork skills

❖ Business intelligence

❖ Technical skills

❖ Attention to detail

Opportunities/ Fields:

❖ Healthcare

❖ MTI schemes

❖ Industrial Automation,

❖ UI/ UX Design

❖ Traffic Control

❖ Nursing Homes

❖ Environment Monitoring

❖ Information Security

❖ Home Automation and many more.

Job Role/ Designations with their Salaries:

Top Hiring Companies with their Packages: